Author: paedwards

Cows and Bingo

By Pat Edwards

Bingo

Sometime in the 1980s, a local radio personality, trying to be funny, “pushed my button,” and I wrote the following letter of complaint. I never got a response, but I felt better for having written it!

How do you get 200 cows in a barn?… You put up a Bingo sign!”

Cute, John, cute! Let’s see, maybe you’re referring to that rather overweight lady sitting in Row 6. She’s dressed rather sloppily and is smoking a cigarette. As she shuffles up to the snack bar, her breathing sounds like a locomotive. The money that she pays for her Bingo buy-in probably could be used for food, clothing or other necessities, but just maybe she needs a little release from her dull life? Ok. She’s one candidate for your “cow” description.

How about that “cow” in Row 2 (in the non-smoking section)? She is in her 60’s – has been a housewife all of her life; lives in a mobile home in a park in the Danebo district. Her husband just passed away 2 months ago, and she has a son who comes to see her on weekends. Life has become pretty lonely during the week, but the friends that sit with her at Bingo share conversation and concern and give her an interest outside of herself. And, occasionally being able yell “Bingo” gives her that little rush of adrenaline that has been so absent in her life for so long.

Or maybe your picture of the Bingo cow is of the lady sitting in Row 8 next to her husband. Her chair just happens to be on wheels and her husband attentively pushes her into the Bingo hall and settles her in among their regular group of friends while he goes to the snack bar to buy her a taco salad before “the games begin.” She always gets hugs and hellos from the regulars.

Cow? Oh, but you forget. There are lots of bulls in the barn as well! One of them comes to play Bingo two or three times a week. He used to come with his wife. They were such a “cute” couple. Many people would stop at their table to chat and to ask how they were doing. Soon, she no longer came with him. Some said she was in the hospital with a stroke. Many of the cows and bulls stopped by regularly to inquire about her and to give him hugs and moral support. The “stroke” was actually Alzheimer’s and he continued to come – to get out into the world of the other cows and bulls for a couple of hours of social interaction.

But, the Bingo “cows” and “bulls” are not all ailing or gummers! There is the family – mother, father, daughter and son-in-law in Row 1 who just wanted to get out and do something fun where they could laugh and converse and maybe even pick up some extra spending money. You can’t do that in a movie theater or while sitting around the T.V. set watching the Blazers once again going down to defeat!

As you look around the barn, you see a lot of plain, average cows and bulls. True, there isn’t much sophistication emanating from the silo. It’s just a herd that enjoys socializing while drinking non-alcoholic Diet Cokes, eating chili dogs and, once in a while, getting high – not from cocaine or pot – but from the adrenaline rush when yelling “Bingo” at the top of their lungs. Sure, their money could be invested in more profitable activities, just as their time could be spent alone, or their thoughts mired in the problems of every day life. Cows? Come on, John!

I’m using this as an example of the insensitivity you and some others who are in the public eye show in order to try and be funny. If you have to degrade or embarrass others in order to be funny, amusing, entertaining, etc., then to me, and others like me, you are not “funny, amusing, or entertaining, etc.”

Show some class – earn the respect of your listeners, don’t try to insult our intelligence. The best on-air personalities are those who are naturally funny and witty and who make use of the naturally funny things in life that surround us daily. When you have to strain for and concoct humor, then you lose not only your credibility but your audience as well.

You might be wise to take some advice from this old cow, John. According to you, that’s what I am even though I am also a wife, mother, grandmother, friend, well-respected employee, freelance writer, editor/publisher, active community member, animal lover, computer word-processing “expert” – and a weekly Bingo player.

Coyote Ridge Dressage: A Link With the Past

By Pat Edwards

Lorane’s newest arena, Coyote Ridge Dressage is its best-kept secret. Built over a four year period and completed in 2006 by Greg and Tracey Weiss, it brings to the area Old World traditions and the elegance of European royalty. It is a new facility, but its roots go back 425 years in history to the very beginnings of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, Austria – the home of the Lipizzaner horse and a very special classical dressage riding and training technique perfected by masters over the centuries. It links Lorane’s history to the 1936 Olympics in Germany where Alois Podhajsky, Director of the Spanish Riding School, won a Bronze Medal in Individual Dressage on his horse, Nero. General Patton enters that history when his troops rescued the great Lipizzaner stallions from capture by Hitler as depicted in Walt Disney’s 1963 movie, Miracle of the White Stallions. He rescued the mares, too, which were scheduled for slaughter to feed the troops in Poland. Podhajsky, Patton, and Tracey Weiss are all linked together by a single person, Tracey’s mentor and trainer, Karl Mikolka. In a short biography that Mikolka has published on his website, http://www.karlmikolka.com/, he tells of his beginnings.

“I, Karl Mikolka was born in Floridsdorf, a suburb of Vienna, Austria in 1935. My mother informs me that as young as my stroller days I exhibited an insatiable curiosity about horses, a curiosity that later became the driving force behind my entering the Spanish Riding School after graduating from the Humanistische Gymnasium in 1955. Dashing my mother’s hopes of ever becoming a concert pianist or something useful like a banker, I remained with the Riding School for 14 years, moving through the ranks of elévè, Bereiteranwärter, Bereiter and Oberbereiter or Chief Rider before accepting an appealing offer from Brazil to establish a nucleus of Dressage in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.

Karl closeup B&W

Karl Mikolka at Coyote Ridge

 

“In 1972, following my four-year assignment in Brazil, my good friend Richard Ulrich made possible the realization of my boyhood dream of coming to America by inviting me to join him at Friars Gate Farm in Pembroke, Massachusetts. The United States has been my home since then and I have devoted the past thirty years to the preservation of Classical Horsemanship in word and deed through training, teaching, judging, coaching and publishing. I now live in Gloucester, Massachusetts, with my lovely wife Lynn and three very charming and spoiled cats.”

Karl studied under the great master Cerha, who Podhajsky also had some earlier instruction from, learning the intricate and precise techniques used in classical dressage. On his summer holidays and other rare free times from the Academy, he sought out past masters who had retired but were still living in Europe. He spent whatever time he could with these past masters, learning as much from their lines of expertise as he could. Each master had his own specialty in the training process and by learning what he could from each of them, Karl has become perhaps one of the greatest repositories for Classical Dressage ever produced by the Spanish Riding School. Over the past 12 years, he has been passing that knowledge to his protégé, Tracey Weiss, of Lorane, Oregon.

Tracey was like many young girls growing up in Eugene. She was a city girl, but had a deep love for horses. Her parents bought her first horse, a Quarter Horse named Kemo, in 1971 when Tracey was just entering high school. They boarded Kemo at a local stables and Tracey began riding him in gaming events. She eventually began riding English and competing in hunter/jumper classes with her Holsteiner gelding, Blitzkrieg. Soon, she took up dressage. Her riding abilities and her love for horses steadily progressed until she met Karl at a Salem Dressage Clinic in 1996. They developed a friendship and a mutual respect and admiration. She recognized Karl as a great master who could expand her knowledge of classical dressage beyond anything she had yet experienced. He saw in her the potential to pass on the knowledge handed down to him.

In 1992, Tracey and her husband Greg bought a home and 35 acres of property north of Lorane from Randy Joseph. Allen Van Zuuk built the house and an outbuilding in 1976. Randy Joseph purchased it from Allen and added five more outbuildings and the main house.

Greg, an accomplished skier and a former owner of Wasatch Powderbird Guides helicopter ski guide service in Snowbird, Utah, and the Springfield Rock Quarry in Springfield, Oregon, decided that it was time to devote his energies to helping Tracey with her calling. As Tracey’s interest and commitment to the study of classical dressage became a total mission, the need for a proper facility became apparent.

Reminiscent of the 1989 movie, Field of Dreams, and its catch-phrase of “Build it and they will come,” Tracey and Greg built their dream. In Field of Dreams, Kevin Costner‘s character followed his seemingly unrealistic dream to build a special baseball diamond in the middle of his cornfield in order to attract the great baseball legends of the past. Tracey and Greg’s dream is bringing the past to Lorane. With advice from Karl, they designed and built an arena to perfectly aid in the training of the dressage horse.

Construction of the true timber all-wood frame building began in 2002. At first, they were told that a building that size could not be built with wooden trusses and without nails, brackets or bolts. Engineers carefully studied the plans, however, and were surprised to find that it could, indeed, be built that way. Local resident, Greg Morrow was commissioned to build the framework using large wooden dowels and wooden shims to connect the massive beams and structure. Jeff Faville, a Doughty grandson, is another local craftsman who took part in the creation of the building. He did all of the intricately patterned brickwork used throughout the building. Two former Lorane residents, Randy Joseph and John Jones, provided custom woodworking. Lorane resident, Parry Kalkowski used his talents in specialized metalwork to design the huge metal hinges that support the 1,000-1,100 pound doors leading into the arena proper. The exterior doors are also supported by metal tension rods designed to look like linking snaffle bits. He crafted horse head artwork for the front doors and incorporated several tulips into the design.

Coyote Ranch barn doors B&W

Coyote Ridge front doors. Metalwork designed by Perry Kalkowski of Lorane

 

Upstairs viewing area

Upstairs viewing area

 

Tack room B&W

Coyote Ridge Dressage tack room

 

The tulip has become the Weiss’ logo. A Lipizzan horse is lovingly known as a “Lip.” The Weiss’ have imported two very special Lipizzan stallions from Austria to form the nucleus of their business… thus was born the secondary name for their farm, “2Lip Stud.” The whole building is immaculate and furnished like a warm European mansion with soothing classical music piped into every area. Downstairs, there are beautiful clean stalls for the horses, a grooming area, a wash area, a beautifully designed brick water closet used to hang freshly laundered horse sheets until they are dry, a large area for feed and equipment storage, a kitchen, bathroom and shower. Upstairs is the viewing area overlooking the arena. It has a row of vintage cushioned theater seats, each outfitted with an electric blanket for cold weather. The upstairs also houses a bar, an outside patio overlooking the outdoor arena and Tracey’s office. There are windows on all sides. From Tracey’s office, she is able to observe the horse stalls, the indoor and outdoor arenas and the pastures surrounding the building. The footing in the arena is as it was when Karl was at the Spanish Riding School, a combination of sand and cedar shavings. The dimensions are 20 x 40 meters in size as is the School’s. The walls are 12 feet in height to protect the horse and rider from exposed beams and to prevent a frightened horse from trying to jump or crawl over it. It also serves as a barrier so the horse and rider can work without outside distractions. Every 10 meters along the walls are symbols that are used to determine the precise distances and details used in the classical dressage training and conditioning techniques. Longing and conditioning are major parts of the training process to keep muscles supple and the horses free from injury when performing the intricate moves that are done by the more advanced horses. The outdoor arena is Olympic size (20 x 60 meters) and is marked with the dressage letters you see in the competition arenas. In good weather, the horses are worked in the special blend of concrete sand and shredded rubber. Both arenas are kept harrowed and during the dry season, the outdoor arena is watered daily to give the horses the maximum foundation for their footing.

Inside of barn

Inside of barn

 

Wash area

Wash area where the horses get their baths

 

Lipizzan stallions born in Austria all have a special brand of identification that is centuries old. These brands identify their lineage. An “L” on their left cheek shows that they were born in Austria, and signifies the original stud of Lipizza. A letter designation on their left wither identifies which of the 6 stallion lines their sire descended from and another mark below it tells of the maternal line. A number on their right side shows their birth number for that particular year. All Austrian Lipizzan stallions are given two names. The first is the stallion line they descend from. The second is the dam or mother’s name which, in Austria, must end in the letter “a” and be a feminine name. They are called by their mother’s names. The stallions and mares that Tracey and Greg brought to the United States are some of the finest on this side of the Atlantic. Maestoso Contessa 58 is a pure white stallion who is starting the highest level of training, called the Airs Above the Ground. This level incorporates amazing moves originally designed for use by the ancient warhorses and can only be achieved by extensive training and conditioning.

Contessa on the rail

Tracey on Contessa on rail

 

From his name, it can be determined that Contessa is from the Maestoso stallion line, his mother’s name is Contessa, and he was number 58 in the order of birth. Tracey’s second stallion, Pluto Tücsök 44, is out of a Hungarian born Lipizzan mare, Tücsök, whose name doesn’t end in the traditional “a” because Hungary does not have the same rules. He bears the less common dark color that will never turn white. All Lipizzans are born dark but most begin to turn grey shortly after they are born. The breed once was represented by almost all colors found in other breeds ‒ chestnut, bay, black, even pinto ‒ but the greys or whites were favored by the royalty and the practice of breeding only white stallions to white mares has been strictly followed for centuries. Genetics, however, dictates that occasionally a dark colored horse that stays dark will be born. These were once frowned upon, but are now likely to become more and more in demand as breeding stock to get a dark gene back into the breed. Studies have found that melanomas occur much more frequently in light colored pigments in horses.

Greg & Pluto Tucsok 44

Greg Weiss and Tücsök “Pluto”

 

Tracey & Tücsök

Tracey and Tücsök

 

In the past year, the Weiss’ have been harvesting semen from Contessa and Tücsök to be used for artificial insemination. The frozen semen is shipped all over the United States.
The Weiss’ also have imported from Austria two young Lip mares, Riga and Granada, who have just begun dressage training. Riga is grey/white and Granada is a bay who will remain dark. If Granada is bred to Tücsök, the foal will definitely remain dark. If Riga is bred to the bay stallion, her foal will be a surprise package, depending on the genes that she carries. Tracey and Greg also own other dressage horses and are training horses for other people, including two Lipizzans.

Tracey rides and works with each horse for about an hour a day 5 days a week. She is at the barn 7 days a week, 12 hours a day and studies for 2-3 hours a day. Karl Mikolka flies in from his home in Boston 5 to 6 times a year to work with her and to conduct clinics. He stays in a specially-furnished guest room on the farm during his visits. In addition to the clinics, Tracey and Greg host benefits and fundraisers for such recipients as Oregon State University School of Veterinary and other horse-related projects.

Tracey’s dream is materializing. She’s learning a lifetime of skills and knowledge that few other individuals have been able to attain or grasp from a master who has achieved them from his own intense study and practice. In Tracey’s own words, “My Karma is to pass this on to at least one other person in my lifetime.” She is that one person in Karl’s lifetime. It will be interesting to see who the next in succession will be.

Written in 2006 for From Sawdust and Cider to Wine

Zebrafish Research: A Clear View of Life’s Beginnings

The Wonder of It All… Zebrafish Research: A Clear View of Life’s Beginnings

By Pat Edwards

zebrarfish

Through the lens of the microscope, the crystal-clear egg with its single cell sitting on top of the yolk sac, looks like the fringed bald pate of a monk. Before watching eyes, it begins to divide. In a little over an hour, its eight cells resemble the ruffled comb of a chicken. In two hours’ time, there are 64 cells, and at three hours, 1,000 cells sit tightly clustered together. By the 9th hour, a body begins to take shape, wrapped around the circular shape of the yolk sac, tip of tail nearly touching top of head. By the 17th hour, the tightly curled embryo begins to open like the blossom of a flower. At the 30th hour, the huge unseeing eyes are visible in the massive head. As each hour passes, the embryo’s body begins to straighten more and more and takes on the characteristics of a fish. Soon, a mere three days later, the wriggling, live zebrafish is ready to begin life in its aquatic environment.

ZF staging

During the early stages of development, dye can be injected into a single cell. As it divides, the cell’s “daughters” also bear the mark of the dye and with the help of a microscope, their migration paths can be traced to where they are destined to grow. But, is that destiny, or fate, determined by the cell’s ancestry or by its environment? What would happen, for instance, if the normal migration path is blocked? Will the cell’s migration take a detour and arrive at the predestined point? Or will it veer off in a completely different and unscheduled direction? What happens if the “mother” cell is moved to a different location before it begins dividing?

This type of research is described as a quest to discover whether cells in an embryo follow the “European” or “American” plan of development. If cells follow the European plan, their fate is determined by their ancestry – whether their mothers and fathers were kings and queens.

If they follow the American plan, however, their fate is, in large part, a result of environmental factors. Their destiny is determined not by their lineage but by changes that occur in their environment These are some of the questions that are being asked and answered in the study of the “hottest” new model in current developmental research, the common, ordinary, home-aquarium-variety of tropical fish, Danio rerio, or zebrafish. And, for those whose curiosity has been piqued, the answer to the cell-tracking question relating to the European vs American plans described above has now been proven… the correct answer is the American plan.

I became indirectly involved in zebrafish research a few years after I was hired in 1989 by the Institute of Neuroscience at the University of Oregon as their secretary. Five scientists connected with ION began a collaboration in the study of the developmental biology and genetics of the lowly little zebrafish. They asked me to work directly with them as their secretary. Their predecessor, a molecular biologist at the UO, Dr. George Streisinger , is considered by many of his peers to be the founding father of zebrafish research. As a fish hobbyist who knew how easy it was to raise and maintain zebrafish, he began using it as a model system. The fish was small enough to keep the large numbers required for genetic studies, but large enough to do classical embryological manipulations such as transplantations. Before his death in 1984, he had published a paper on his work in a major scientific journal and the seeds of his research began to sprout throughout the world. By the time that I retired from my position as the administrative coordinator for the International Zebrafish Research Community in 2004, there were hundreds of major labs around the world using the zebrafish for developmental biology and genetics studies.

The group of scientists who hired me included Dr. Charles Kimmel, a developmental biologist who had worked directly with George Streisinger. He was a winner of the prestigious American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellowship award for his work in establishing the zebrafish as a model for mammalian development; Dr. Monte Westerfield, who designed and maintains a vast on-line database to collect the findings of the international labs and who was instrumental in overseeing the construction and maintenance of an ultra-modern zebrafish breeding facility at the UO; Dr. John Postlethwait, a renowned geneticist whose lab began work on the zebrafish genome project; Dr. Judith Eisen, a developmental biologist who studies motoneuron development of the zebrafish; and Dr. James A. Weston, who originally studied neural crest development in the mouse and joined forces with the zebrafish group, adding his experience in obtaining and administering its first million dollar program project grant for the collaborative effort. Another of the original researchers in the University of Oregon group was Charline Walker Durchanek, a senior research associate who worked closely with both the Streisinger and the Kimmel labs, discovering many of the zebrafish mutants used worldwide today in the study of birth defects.

Most developmental research has been done using models such as Caenorhabditis elegans, the nematode worm, or Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly. But, as valuable as the research on these models has been, they are invertebrates. The results of basic research on the zebrafish, a vertebrate, can relate much more closely to more complex vertebrate systems including humans. One of its eventual implications for humans is a possible means of finding ways to prevent birth defects. And, unlike other mammals that develop within their mothers’ bodies, the live, developing zebrafish embryo can be viewed under a microscope.

Even though this is a study on zebrafish, it’s a simple model for humans. Because of the complexity and danger of studying live human embryos, scientists are always looking for a way to use simpler models. Mice have long been used, but like many mammals, the forming babies are encased in the womb of their mothers and are difficult to study while they are actually living and developing.

According to Dr. Charles Kimmel, “Fish and mammals are ancient relatives, having evolved from a common ancestor. Most vertebrate embryos are strikingly similar in their early stages. Though there are different body parts between a fish and a mouse, you find a lot of their genes are similar, thanks to that common ancestor.”

At the teaching level, high school and community college science instructors are beginning to discover the benefits of using zebrafish in genetics and development projects in their classrooms. Many valuable lessons can be learned from actually watching an embryo develop and grow from a single cell into a mature adult.

My experience working with these pathfinders was humbling. Before being hired at the UO, I had no background in science, no experience with international relations. During my 15 years at the University of Oregon, I met and became friends with scientists all over the world. They are a wonderfully diverse group of people working together toward a goal of understanding not only fish development and genetics, but that of humans, as well. These scientists opened the international doors of respect and friendship to me. I traveled to scientific conferences at Cold Spring Harbor, New York and coordinated conferences closer to home; I helped put together the multi-million dollar grants that still fund this research today. I feel so fortunate to have taken even a minute part in what I am sure will someday be major medical breakthroughs by these dedicated scientists.

I’ve learned that science is not only knowledge. True science, stripped down to its basics, is the pursuit of answers to questions. In the study of biology, those questions must originate in the very beginnings of life. Technology is providing better and more precise equipment to seek the answers, but Mother Nature must provide those life beginnings in a form that can be studied. In the zebrafish, she has offered a most perfect specimen.

And because of the common, ordinary, home-aquarium-variety of tropical fish, Danio rerio, humankind may someday benefit.

Printed in Volume 5 Issue 3, Groundwaters magazine, April 2009